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int vswitch;
S1
main(){
// state of virtual switch controlled by button
// begin main program
// set up parallel port A as output
WrPortI(SPCR,NULL,0x84);
WrPortI(PADR,&PADRShadow,0xff);
vswitch=0;
(1) while (1) {
BigLoopTop();
// turn off all LEDs
// initialize virtual switch off
// Endless loop
// Begin a big endless loop
// first task flash LED DS4 every second for 200 milliseconds
(2)
(3)
(4)
costate {
BitWrPortI(PADR,&PADRShadow,0,3);
waitfor(DelayMs(200));
BitWrPortI(PADR,&PADRShadow,1,3);
waitfor(DelayMs(800));
}
//
//
//
//
//
//
begin a costatement
LED DS4 on
light on for 200 ms
LED DS4 off
light off for 800 ms
end of costatement
// second task - debounce switch #1 and toggle virtual switch vswitch
// check button 1 and toggle vswitch on or off
costate {
(5)
out
if(BitRdPortI(PBDR,2)) abort;
waitfor(DelayMs(50));
if(BitRdPortI(PBDR,2)) abort;
// if button not down skip out
// wait 50 ms
// if button not still down skip
ms
vswitch=!vswitch;
// toggle virtual switch- button was down 50
while (1) {
//
wait for button to be off 200 ms
waitfor(BitRdPortI(PBDR,2)); //
wait for button to go up
waitfor(DelayMs(200));
//
wait for 200 milliseconds
if(BitRdPortI(PBDR,2)) break; //
if button up break
}
}
//
//
end of while(1)
end of costatement
// make LED agree with vswitch if vswitch has changed
(6)
(7) }
}
if( (PADRShadow & 1) == vswitch) {
BitWrPortI(PADR,&PADRShadow,!vswitch,0);
)
// end of while loop, go back to start
// end of main, never come here
The numbers in the left margin are reference indicators and are not a part of the code.
Load and run the program. Note that LED DS4 flashes once per second. Push button S1
several times and note how LED DS1 is toggled.
The flashing of LED DS4 is performed by the costatement starting at the line marked (2).
Costatements need to be executed regularly, often at least every 25 ms. To accomplish
this, the costatements are enclosed in a while loop. The term while loop is used as a handy
way to describe a style of real-time programming in which most operations are done in
one loop. The while loop starts at (1) and ends at (7). The function BigLoopTop() is
Getting Started Manual
27
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